The Biology People

The system of classification in which only one or two morphological characters are used for the grouping of organisms is called the artificial system of classification. Aristotle divided animals into two categories i.e. Enaima (with red blood) and Anaima (without red blood). Sometimes habit and habitat of animals are used to group them. Aristotle also grouped animals into Aquatic (living in water like fishes, whales, etc.), Terrestrial (living on the ground like reptiles, cattle, humans, etc.), and Arial (those animals who can fly like bats, birds, etc.) Aristotle Img: Google.com This is one of the earliest systems of classifications that used only the gross superficial morphological characters such as habit, color, number and shape of leaves, etc. Drawbacks of an artificial system of classification: It does not study homology (similarity of the structure, physiology, or development of different species of organisms) but is mostly based on convergence (The organisms evolve bodily

All types of organisms do not occur in one locality. Also, it is not possible to study every organism. Without any system of classification, organisms cannot be identified. That’s why classification helps in knowing the organisms better and understand the relationships amongst different groups of organisms. Definition: The scientific procedure of arrangement of organisms into groups and subgroups based on their similarities and dissimilarities and placing the groups in a hierarchy of categories is called Biological classification. Organisms are classified based on their similarity. Historically, the similarity was determined by examination of the physical characteristics of an organism but, modern classification uses a variety of techniques including genetic analysis. The study of around two of the organisms of a group gives sufficient information about the essential features of the group. On the basis of relationship and simplicity or complexity found in the members of various tax

The word ‘MICROBIOLOGY’ actually refers to the ‘Study of Microbes’. It is derived from 3 Greek words and they are ‘mikros’ (small), ‘bios’ (life), and  ‘ logos’ (study). The word ‘Micro’ refers to the microbes, which come from the microscope. So microbes are small organisms that are only visible under the microscope and exist as unicellular, multicellular, or cell clusters. Microbiology is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of microorganisms, which are organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. These microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae, and protozoa. Microbiology plays a crucial role in understanding the diversity, structure, function, and interactions of these microorganisms, as well as their impact on various aspects of life on Earth. Microorganisms are present virtually everywhere, from the soil beneath our feet to the depths of the ocean, and even within our own bodies. They play vital roles in numerous ecological processes, such as n

  Everyone in this world has a self-defense system in their body which acts as the immune system and it actually protects our body from different diseases. Immunity can be defined as “t he ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells”.  Some certain cells and organs are responsible for our immunity in the body. Let’s divide the immunity properly. img: google.com Infection occurs when a pathogen invades body cells and starts reproduction. The infection will usually lead to an immune response. If the response is quick and effective, the infection will be eliminated so quickly that the disease will not occur. We can define  infection  as the invasion of an organism's body t issues  by d isease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of h ost  tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins  they produce . Sometimes infections lead to disease. The disease can occur when immunity i

  We know that cancer is a very dangerous disease that can lead someone to death if not properly treated. But the cancer is now can be treated to make it stop completely and the treatment process of cancer is now so much developed that it can completely eradicate the cancer cells in anyone’s body. Treatment of cancer can be done with the help of Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, Operational Treatment, and Dendritic Cell Therapy. All the Radiational oncologists, chemical oncologists, and surgical oncologists are together working now to decrease the effects of cancer disease. Let’s see how these works. img: google.com HOW CANCER IS DEVELOPED The normal cells undergo a regulated division, differentiation, and apoptosis. The cell in the body grows and divides as part of their normal cell cycle. The genetic material i.e. DNA inside the cell’s nucleus contains the instructions to control this process. But when these functions of cells have deviated from the normal i.e. they lose control ove

   We develop cancer cells inside our bodies every day. It’s an interesting fact that a power that fights with these cancer cells makes these deactivate and destroy every time. But why the disease cancer takes place when we all have the power to fight cancer cells? Why it becomes so dangerous that the patient dies? What are the types of cancer? How the cancer patients can be treated to put a full stop to this disease? Let’s discuss this. img: google.com WHAT IS CANCER? The normal cells undergo a regulated division, differentiation, and apoptosis. The cell in the body grows and divides as part of their normal cell cycle. The genetic material i.e. DNA inside the cell’s nucleus contains the instructions to control this process. But when these functions of cells have deviated from the normal i.e. they lose control over their division, differentiation, and apoptosis, they become tumor cells. Sometimes the cells’ DNA becomes damaged. Normally DNA responds by either repairing itself or instru

  DNA is a biomolecule that conveys the hereditary directions utilized in the development, improvement, working, and multiplication of all known living beings and some infections. Understanding its structure how it functions has fundamentally altered our world. Apart from molecular genetics, other disciplines such as psychology, criminology, and most notably medical, veterinary, and agricultural sciences are benefitted significantly from the knowledge of DNA. But there are some mind-blowing interesting facts that you may have known before about DNA. Let’s have a look at the facts…   1   DNA from a single cell is 6 feet long if fully stretched out and if all the DNA is taken from each and every cell in your body, it will stretch to 100 billion miles, long enough to go round our entire solar system 14 times.   2   The Human Genome contains about 20,000 genes. However, those genes make only 1 – 2 % of our DNA. The other 98% is non-coding DNA which has very little value f

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in a specified population and the application of this study is to the control of health problems. Basic epidemiologic methods tend to rely on careful observation and use of valid comparison groups to assure whether what was observed, such as the number of cases of the disease in a particular area during a particular period or the frequency of exposure among persons with disease differs from what might be expected. However, epidemiology also draws on methods from other scientific fields including biostatistics and informatics with biological, economic, social, and behavioral sciences. In fact, epidemiology is often described as the basic science of public health, and for good reason. First, epidemiology is a quantitative discipline that relies on a working knowledge of probability, statistics, and sound research methods. Second, epidemiology is a method of causal reasoning based on develo